使用 Nushell 获取好像挺跨平台的 shell 体验

引言

Nushell 是一个跨平台的 shell 至少在 Windows 和 Linux (比如我用的 Arch Linux) 上都能用

换这个主要是能在 Windows 上不用 PowerShell
因为 PowerShell 的行为和 zsh 的差太多了 而且界面也差

比如

  • PowerShell 内建了一些 unix 命令 但行为又不一致 得加.exe才能执行自己安装的正常的
  • PowerShell 的UpDown浏览的历史输入光标保持在前位置而不是末尾
  • PowerShell 的Tab补全不好用 (当然 zsh nushell 也没多好用)

安装

需要安装的工具

Windows

用 scoop

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winget install nushell
scoop install starship
scoop install extras/carapace-bin

Arch Linux

用 paru (或者其他 AUR 工具)

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paru -S nushell starship carapace-bin

配置

`env.nu`
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# Nushell Environment Config File
#
# version = "0.87.1"

# Specifies how environment variables are:
# - converted from a string to a value on Nushell startup (from_string)
# - converted from a value back to a string when running external commands (to_string)
# Note: The conversions happen *after* config.nu is loaded
$env.ENV_CONVERSIONS = {
"PATH": {
from_string: { |s| $s | split row (char esep) | path expand --no-symlink }
to_string: { |v| $v | path expand --no-symlink | str join (char esep) }
}
"Path": {
from_string: { |s| $s | split row (char esep) | path expand --no-symlink }
to_string: { |v| $v | path expand --no-symlink | str join (char esep) }
}
}

# Directories to search for scripts when calling source or use
$env.NU_LIB_DIRS = [
# FIXME: This default is not implemented in rust code as of 2023-09-06.
($nu.default-config-dir | path join 'scripts') # add <nushell-config-dir>/scripts
]

# Directories to search for plugin binaries when calling register
$env.NU_PLUGIN_DIRS = [
# FIXME: This default is not implemented in rust code as of 2023-09-06.
($nu.default-config-dir | path join 'plugins') # add <nushell-config-dir>/plugins
]

$env.EDITOR = code

mkdir ~/.cache/carapace
carapace _carapace nushell | save --force ~/.cache/carapace/init.nu

mkdir ~/.cache/starship
starship init nu | save -f ~/.cache/starship/init.nu
`config.nu`
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# Nushell Config File
#
# version = "0.87.1"

# For more information on defining custom themes, see
# https://www.nushell.sh/book/coloring_and_theming.html
# And here is the theme collection
# https://github.com/nushell/nu_scripts/tree/main/themes
let dark_theme = {
# color for nushell primitives
separator: white
leading_trailing_space_bg: { attr: n } # no fg, no bg, attr none effectively turns this off
header: green_bold
empty: blue
# Closures can be used to choose colors for specific values.
# The value (in this case, a bool) is piped into the closure.
# eg) {|| if $in { 'light_cyan' } else { 'light_gray' } }
bool: light_cyan
int: white
filesize: cyan
duration: white
date: purple
range: white
float: white
string: white
nothing: white
binary: white
cell-path: white
row_index: green_bold
record: white
list: white
block: white
hints: dark_gray
search_result: {bg: red fg: white}
shape_and: purple_bold
shape_binary: purple_bold
shape_block: blue_bold
shape_bool: light_cyan
shape_closure: green_bold
shape_custom: green
shape_datetime: cyan_bold
shape_directory: cyan
shape_external: cyan
shape_externalarg: green_bold
shape_filepath: cyan
shape_flag: blue_bold
shape_float: purple_bold
# shapes are used to change the cli syntax highlighting
shape_garbage: { fg: white bg: red attr: b}
shape_globpattern: cyan_bold
shape_int: purple_bold
shape_internalcall: cyan_bold
shape_keyword: cyan_bold
shape_list: cyan_bold
shape_literal: blue
shape_match_pattern: green
shape_matching_brackets: { attr: u }
shape_nothing: light_cyan
shape_operator: yellow
shape_or: purple_bold
shape_pipe: purple_bold
shape_range: yellow_bold
shape_record: cyan_bold
shape_redirection: purple_bold
shape_signature: green_bold
shape_string: green
shape_string_interpolation: cyan_bold
shape_table: blue_bold
shape_variable: purple
shape_vardecl: purple
}

# External completer example
# let carapace_completer = {|spans|
# carapace $spans.0 nushell $spans | from json
# }

# The default config record. This is where much of your global configuration is setup.
$env.config = {
show_banner: false # true or false to enable or disable the welcome banner at startup

ls: {
use_ls_colors: true # use the LS_COLORS environment variable to colorize output
clickable_links: true # enable or disable clickable links. Your terminal has to support links.
}

rm: {
always_trash: false # always act as if -t was given. Can be overridden with -p
}

table: {
mode: rounded # basic, compact, compact_double, light, thin, with_love, rounded, reinforced, heavy, none, other
index_mode: auto # "always" show indexes, "never" show indexes, "auto" = show indexes when a table has "index" column
show_empty: true # show 'empty list' and 'empty record' placeholders for command output
padding: { left: 1, right: 1 } # a left right padding of each column in a table
trim: {
methodology: wrapping # wrapping or truncating
wrapping_try_keep_words: true # A strategy used by the 'wrapping' methodology
truncating_suffix: "..." # A suffix used by the 'truncating' methodology
}
header_on_separator: false # show header text on separator/border line
# abbreviated_row_count: 10 # limit data rows from top and bottom after reaching a set point
}

error_style: "fancy" # "fancy" or "plain" for screen reader-friendly error messages

# datetime_format determines what a datetime rendered in the shell would look like.
# Behavior without this configuration point will be to "humanize" the datetime display,
# showing something like "a day ago."
datetime_format: {
# normal: '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z' # shows up in displays of variables or other datetime's outside of tables
# table: '%m/%d/%y %I:%M:%S%p' # generally shows up in tabular outputs such as ls. commenting this out will change it to the default human readable datetime format
}

explore: {
status_bar_background: {fg: "#1D1F21", bg: "#C4C9C6"},
command_bar_text: {fg: "#C4C9C6"},
highlight: {fg: "black", bg: "yellow"},
status: {
error: {fg: "white", bg: "red"},
warn: {}
info: {}
},
table: {
split_line: {fg: "#404040"},
selected_cell: {bg: light_blue},
selected_row: {},
selected_column: {},
},
}

history: {
max_size: 100_000 # Session has to be reloaded for this to take effect
sync_on_enter: true # Enable to share history between multiple sessions, else you have to close the session to write history to file
file_format: "plaintext" # "sqlite" or "plaintext"
isolation: false # only available with sqlite file_format. true enables history isolation, false disables it. true will allow the history to be isolated to the current session using up/down arrows. false will allow the history to be shared across all sessions.
}

completions: {
case_sensitive: false # set to true to enable case-sensitive completions
quick: true # set this to false to prevent auto-selecting completions when only one remains
partial: true # set this to false to prevent partial filling of the prompt
algorithm: "prefix" # prefix or fuzzy
external: {
enable: true # set to false to prevent nushell looking into $env.PATH to find more suggestions, `false` recommended for WSL users as this look up may be very slow
max_results: 100 # setting it lower can improve completion performance at the cost of omitting some options
completer: null # check 'carapace_completer' above as an example
}
}

filesize: {
metric: false # true => KB, MB, GB (ISO standard), false => KiB, MiB, GiB (Windows standard)
format: "auto" # b, kb, kib, mb, mib, gb, gib, tb, tib, pb, pib, eb, eib, auto
}

cursor_shape: {
emacs: line # block, underscore, line, blink_block, blink_underscore, blink_line, inherit to skip setting cursor shape (line is the default)
vi_insert: block # block, underscore, line, blink_block, blink_underscore, blink_line, inherit to skip setting cursor shape (block is the default)
vi_normal: underscore # block, underscore, line, blink_block, blink_underscore, blink_line, inherit to skip setting cursor shape (underscore is the default)
}

color_config: $dark_theme # if you want a more interesting theme, you can replace the empty record with `$dark_theme`, `$light_theme` or another custom record
use_grid_icons: true
footer_mode: "25" # always, never, number_of_rows, auto
float_precision: 2 # the precision for displaying floats in tables
buffer_editor: "" # command that will be used to edit the current line buffer with ctrl+o, if unset fallback to $env.EDITOR and $env.VISUAL
use_ansi_coloring: true
bracketed_paste: true # enable bracketed paste, currently useless on windows
edit_mode: emacs # emacs, vi
shell_integration: false # enables terminal shell integration. Off by default, as some terminals have issues with this.
render_right_prompt_on_last_line: false # true or false to enable or disable right prompt to be rendered on last line of the prompt.
use_kitty_protocol: false # enables keyboard enhancement protocol implemented by kitty console, only if your terminal support this

hooks: {
pre_prompt: [{ null }] # run before the prompt is shown
pre_execution: [{ null }] # run before the repl input is run
env_change: {
PWD: [{|before, after| null }] # run if the PWD environment is different since the last repl input
}
display_output: "if (term size).columns >= 100 { table -e } else { table }" # run to display the output of a pipeline
command_not_found: { null } # return an error message when a command is not found
}

menus: [
# Configuration for default nushell menus
# Note the lack of source parameter
{
name: completion_menu
only_buffer_difference: false
marker: ""
type: {
layout: columnar
columns: 4
col_width: 20 # Optional value. If missing all the screen width is used to calculate column width
col_padding: 2
}
style: {
text: cyan
selected_text: cyan_reverse
description_text: lc
}
}
{
name: history_menu
only_buffer_difference: true
marker: "? "
type: {
layout: list
page_size: 10
}
style: {
text: green
selected_text: green_reverse
description_text: yellow
}
}
{
name: help_menu
only_buffer_difference: true
marker: "? "
type: {
layout: description
columns: 4
col_width: 20 # Optional value. If missing all the screen width is used to calculate column width
col_padding: 2
selection_rows: 4
description_rows: 10
}
style: {
text: green
selected_text: green_reverse
description_text: yellow
}
}
]

keybindings: [
{
name: completion_menu
modifier: none
keycode: tab
mode: [emacs vi_normal vi_insert]
event: {
until: [
{ send: menu name: completion_menu }
{ send: menunext }
{ edit: complete }
]
}
}
{
name: history_menu
modifier: control
keycode: char_r
mode: [emacs, vi_insert, vi_normal]
event: { send: menu name: history_menu }
}
{
name: help_menu
modifier: none
keycode: f1
mode: [emacs, vi_insert, vi_normal]
event: { send: menu name: help_menu }
}
{
name: completion_previous_menu
modifier: shift
keycode: backtab
mode: [emacs, vi_normal, vi_insert]
event: { send: menuprevious }
}
{
name: next_page_menu
modifier: control
keycode: char_x
mode: emacs
event: { send: menupagenext }
}
{
name: undo_or_previous_page_menu
modifier: control
keycode: char_z
mode: emacs
event: {
until: [
{ send: menupageprevious }
{ edit: undo }
]
}
}
{
name: escape
modifier: none
keycode: escape
mode: [emacs, vi_normal, vi_insert]
event: { send: esc } # NOTE: does not appear to work
}
{
name: cancel_command
modifier: control
keycode: char_c
mode: [emacs, vi_normal, vi_insert]
event: { send: ctrlc }
}
{
name: quit_shell
modifier: control
keycode: char_d
mode: [emacs, vi_normal, vi_insert]
event: { send: ctrld }
}
{
name: clear_screen
modifier: control
keycode: char_l
mode: [emacs, vi_normal, vi_insert]
event: { send: clearscreen }
}
{
name: search_history
modifier: control
keycode: char_q
mode: [emacs, vi_normal, vi_insert]
event: { send: searchhistory }
}
{
name: move_up
modifier: none
keycode: up
mode: [emacs, vi_normal, vi_insert]
event: {
until: [
{send: menuup}
{send: up}
]
}
}
{
name: move_down
modifier: none
keycode: down
mode: [emacs, vi_normal, vi_insert]
event: {
until: [
{send: menudown}
{send: down}
]
}
}
{
name: move_left
modifier: none
keycode: left
mode: [emacs, vi_normal, vi_insert]
event: {
until: [
{send: menuleft}
{send: left}
]
}
}
{
name: move_right_or_take_history_hint
modifier: none
keycode: right
mode: [emacs, vi_normal, vi_insert]
event: {
until: [
{send: historyhintcomplete}
{send: menuright}
{send: right}
]
}
}
{
name: move_one_word_left
modifier: control
keycode: left
mode: [emacs, vi_normal, vi_insert]
event: {edit: movewordleft}
}
{
name: move_one_word_right_or_take_history_hint
modifier: control
keycode: right
mode: [emacs, vi_normal, vi_insert]
event: {
until: [
{send: historyhintwordcomplete}
{edit: movewordright}
]
}
}
{
name: move_to_line_start
modifier: none
keycode: home
mode: [emacs, vi_normal, vi_insert]
event: {edit: movetolinestart}
}
{
name: move_to_line_end_or_take_history_hint
modifier: none
keycode: end
mode: [emacs, vi_normal, vi_insert]
event: {
until: [
{send: historyhintcomplete}
{edit: movetolineend}
]
}
}
{
name: delete_one_character_backward
modifier: none
keycode: backspace
mode: [emacs, vi_insert]
event: {edit: backspace}
}
{
name: delete_one_word_backward
modifier: control
keycode: backspace
mode: [emacs, vi_insert]
event: {edit: backspaceword}
}
{
name: delete_one_character_forward
modifier: none
keycode: delete
mode: [emacs, vi_insert]
event: {edit: delete}
}
{
name: delete_one_character_forward
modifier: control
keycode: delete
mode: [emacs, vi_insert]
event: {edit: delete}
}
{
name: newline_or_run_command
modifier: none
keycode: enter
mode: emacs
event: {send: enter}
}
]
}

alias l = ls
source ~/.cache/carapace/init.nu
use ~/.cache/starship/init.nu
`starship.toml`
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format = """
[ ](fg:#a3aed2 bg:#a3aed2)\
$os\
$username\
[](bg:#6084c9 fg:#a3aed2)\
$directory\
[](fg:#6084c9 bg:#394260)\
$git_branch\
$git_status\
[](fg:#394260 bg:#212736)\
$gradle\
$python\
$nodejs\
$rust\
[](fg:#212736 bg:#1d2230)\
$time\
[](fg:#1d2230)\
$fill\
$status$cmd_duration\
\n\
$character"""

right_format = """
$sudo"""

# Disable the blank line at the start of the prompt
# add_newline = false

# You can also replace your username with a neat symbol like  or disable this
# and use the os module below
[username]
show_always = true
style_user = "bg:#a3aed2 fg:#090c0c"
style_root = "bg:#a3aed2 fg:#090c0c"
format = '[$user ]($style)'
disabled = false

# An alternative to the username module which displays a symbol that
# represents the current operating system
[os]
style = "bg:#a3aed2 fg:#090c0c"
disabled = false # Disabled by default

[os.symbols]
Arch = " "
Windows = "田 "

[directory]
style = "fg:#e3e5e5 bg:#6084c9"
format = "[ $path ]($style)"
truncation_length = 20
truncation_symbol = "…/"

[git_branch]
symbol = ""
style = "bg:#394260"
format = '[[ $symbol $branch ](fg:#769ff0 bg:#394260)]($style)'

[git_status]
style = "bg:#394260"
format = '[[($all_status$ahead_behind )](fg:#769ff0 bg:#394260)]($style)'

[gradle]
symbol = "🅶"
style = "bg:#212736"
format = '[ $symbol ($version) ]($style)'

[nodejs]
symbol = ""
style = "bg:#212736"
format = '[ $symbol ($version) ]($style)'

[rust]
symbol = ""
style = "bg:#212736"
format = '[ $symbol ($version) ]($style)'

[python]
symbol = ""
style = "bg:#212736"
format = '[ $symbol ($version)(\($virtualenv\))]($style)'


[time]
disabled = false
time_format = "%R" # Hour:Minute Format
style = "bg:#1d2230"
format = '[[ $time ](fg:#a0a9cb bg:#1d2230)]($style)'

[character]
success_symbol = '[❯](bold green)'
error_symbol = '[❯](bold red)'

[status]
style = "bold bright-red"
format = '[$status|$common_meaning]($style)'
map_symbol = true
disabled = false

[sudo]
style = 'bold green'
symbol = "sudo"
format = "[$symbol]($style)"
disabled = false

[cmd_duration]
min_time = 500
format = '[ $duration]($style)'

[fill]
symbol = ' '

这里把starship.toml在 Linux 和 Windows 之间共享 方便修改

当然另外两个文件也可以共享但是我懒因为还是有一些特定于平台的配置

效果

arch1

windows1

已知问题

  • 补全习惯改变 不能通过Space\等连续补全 只能每步Enter确认
  • 补全习惯改变 可以不完整多级路径补全

参考

忘了…反正就是看了一些别人的配置文件 还有官方文档 然后自己改了改

主题是真难造 24bit 的颜色太多了 还是 16色 终端好配


使用 Nushell 获取好像挺跨平台的 shell 体验
https://duzhaokun123.github.io/2023/11/28/use-nushell-1.html
作者
狼(o0kam1)
发布于
2023年11月28日
许可协议